Device for obtaining color combinations.



mA. SIMPKIN. A DEVIGE'FOR OBTAINING COLOR COMBINATIONS.

' 4APPLIOATlON' FILED MAY B, 190B. 901.6555s Patented Oct. 20, 1908.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

R. A. SIMPKIN. DEVICE FOR OBTAINING COLOR GoMBINATIoNs.

APPLICATION FILED MAY B, l908.

Patented 0011.20, 1908.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.l

UNITED sriirns .aiciiAim A.. siiiririii,

PATENT oirricir.

OF CHICAGO, llilillNOlS.`

Diavr'cn rota -oB'rArNrNe lcoicoR coMBINA'rIoNs.

.To alt whom it may concern.'

Be it `known that I, RICHARD A. -S'i'iir'K-IN,

a citizen of the United States, and aresident l of Chicago, in the county of `@ook and State vof EIllinois, have -invented certain new and useful Improvements in Devices for Obtaining 4Color'Combinations and I do 'hereby declare combinations of the 'primary colors.

A device made in accordance with my invention is designed primarily `for use in preparing rlialttone plates used inthe threecolor. process o i' color printing iorthepur pose of determining the shade or intensity of colorrequired in, corresponding areas of the .impressions printed from three printing plates, whether preparedby the half-tone, stipple or graining printing' one-oi the t ree primary colors, in order to correctlyT reproduce the color of corresponding areas oi a picture or painting to be copied kor imitated. vThe device is,-how

. ever, adapted for use under other circum* stances in which it may be desired to ascertain what vprimarycolors and what shades ofA the primary colors are 'required to be combined in-order to produce a given secondary, tertiary, quaternaiy or other ture. -V

The invention consists inthe matters hereinafter described and pointed out in the appended claims.

As shown in theaccomp anyi-ngjdrawings vFigure' 1 is a i'ace view of an apparatus ein Fig. 2 is a sectional bodyiiig my invention. view thereof taken upon line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a face View of the main part or base ofthe device. Fig 4 is a face view oil a transparent disk applied to said base.

ln said drawings, `5 indicates a flat hase f,

plate or board to the surface of which is japplied a'layer 6 of paper or. other material to which colors may be readily applied. On the surface oi said layer 6 is a circular area divided into color segments by circular and ra- -diallinea which segments are variously col- ()l@ recess each used Yforl f 7 indicates a disk of thin transparent material, such as celluloid, which is considerably Patented oct. 20, 190s.

smaller in diameter than the colored area cof the baseand which is mounted by means o'f a pivotstud 8 on the base so that said disk may bereadily turned or rotated. Said disk 7 is divided by circular and radial lines into segments corresponding with those of. the central portion of the base.

As illustrated, the base isprovided with six annular rows of color segments, while the transparent disk 7 is provided with three rows of such color lsegments corresponding in location with the three innermost rows on 'the base. Said three outer rows of color segments contain two of the primary colors, such as red and yellow, arranged in pairs and graduated in shade or intensity. The three inner rows of color segments contain Vsecondary colors formed by the 'combinationof the two pri mary colors of the'three outer rows, so that if saidcolor segments of the three outer rows be red and yellow, the colorsegments of the three inner rows will contain the several shades ofy orange which will result from combining the shades'oi red and yellow found in the three outer rows. The disk 7 will'contain one primary color only, such as blue, in graduated shades, and as said disk issuperposed upon the three rows of secondary color segments, the three primary colors will be combined in the three'central rows of color segments and by turning the disk to bring the yvarying shades or intensity of the primaryv color thereon in superposed relation with the several secondary or orange shades beneath it, any desired color combinatioif may be produced. Each color segment of the central or secondary color portion of the base, moreover, possesses the shade of secondaryV color due to the combinationI of the air vof primary color shades ariangedoutside of. and radially in line with it. It follows that thecomponents of-any color produced by turning the disk 7f to bring either of its primary color segments over one of the secondary color segments of the base may be color segments associated radially with said secondary color segment, together with the particular primary color segment ofthe disk which is at the time superposed upon said secondary color or orange segment. The secondary color rows include segments bearing the two primary colors on the base, graduated in shade or intensity, and adapted, in connection with the disk bearingy shades of the third primary color, to indicate the shade found by referring to the pair of primary i.

' f outside of the same.

' color segments on the disk 7, marked G1,' G2',

V color segments from whie lcolor segments are s everally derived, it being' understood that inthe case of of any two' of the primary colors which are combined to make two of the secondary colors, such as green or urple; the components of the third secon ary color, such as orange, being indicated on'the base itself.

. Referring now tothe specific arrangement '.of the segments used inthe device shown in the drawings, the same are arranged as followsz. The three outer rows in 'whichA the color segments, marked A1, A2, A3, etc., B1,

B2, B3, etc., C1, C2, C3,vetc., are called primary color rows? In theserows the primarycolor segments are arranged in pairs while in the three inner rowsofcolor segments, which are called secondary color rows, marked D1, D2,

' D3, etc.,'E1, E2, E3, etc., and F1,1F2, F3, ete, the secondary color segments are arranged in radial alinement with the' 1pairs of pri-mary any secondary colorV segment the shades of 'thetwo primary tions or se colors formingthe same can be determined by inspectionof the two rimary color segments, in the correspon-" ing row.,

'In the three rows of on the base, each ,row being' similarly divided by radial lines into 1'2 segments.

The prima 'c'olor. segments Vof the outermost row- A1, '2, A3 are used solely in connection with the'secondary color segments of the outermost secondary row D1, D2, D3, etc., and the outermostv row4 G1, G2, G2 on the transparent disk; The segments of the.. outermost primary color row are, moreover, alternately red and yellow. In the drawings the oredto correspond with the .color segments radially outside of the same.

will be a deep orange the darkest shade lsegments marked A1 to A12 are' yellow and 'graded from the deepest or strongest in' shade, marked A1,' to the llightest shade which -it may be desired to use, which is marked A12. Between the sections A1 .to A12 the yellow shades are uniformly'giaded frein Similarly, the segments arefred and graded from4 dark to light.

marked A13 to A25 of red Ain section A13 to the lightest'shade of redv in section A24., The twelve sections of the outermost, secondary' color'row, which is marked D1-to D12, are colairs of primary Thus the section D1 formed 'by the combination of red and yellow of the segments A1 `and A13, while the section the secondary vgradually decreasing D12 will be a very light orange, formed bythe combination of the light shades of red and.

yellow in segments A12 and A24. The outermost row of the third primary color segments on the disk 7 `are graded from 'the darkest blue, section G1, to the lightestA blue in section G12, the graduations of color corresponding with those ofthe twoother primary colors.

Considering now the operation ofthe device 'described with respect to the outer priy mary color row A1 to A24, the outer secondary color row- D1 to D12, and the outer primary color row G1 -to G12 on the disk, by rotating tlie'said disk on the base either shadeof the primary color or blue, of the disk may be rought over either of thershades of secondarycolor, or' orange, anda large series of tertiary color combinations may be produced, but inneither of these will either 'red or yel-- l/owi 1predominate because these ,colors are equal darker shadesof blue are superposed upon 'I the intermediate primary. color row the arey yellow, grading from the li htest yellow in B5' to the dee est yellow in 12, while the segments B13 to 24 iare red, grading from the deepest red in B13l to a lighter redl in B13 and again to a dark' red in B24. The secondary color segments 'E1 to E12 are of the shades froduced by the combination of the shades 1 to B24, segments E1 to E4 being of gradually lighter shades of red 'unmixed with any yel* low, 4while the `segments E5 to E12. areof vvarying shades of orange in which red predominates.v Similarly, in the innermost primary colorrow the Ase ments C1 to C12 are graded from-'a deep yel ow in C1 to a lighter yellowin C2, and again to a dark yellow in and the segments C15 to C24 are graded from a vvery light red in C13-to a darker red in C24.

In the corresponding or innermost secondary color row, the segments F1, F 2, F3 are pure yell-ow and the segments F4 to F12 of varying shades of orange, in which yellow predomithe'nl'ghter shades of orange, and vice versa.

y represented in the orange lrow, alrthough blue will predominate where the C12, while the segments C13 to C15 are white, i'

iio

nate's'. Theshades o fthe two-primary colors the outer row A1, A2,etc. areequally bal,- anced or oli-equal` intensity so Ithat neitherv primary color predominates in the .corresponding sections of the outer secondary '.rowD1, D2, D3, etc., while yin the intermediate primary color-row B1, B2, B3,'-etc., and corre-v sponding intermediate secondary color row E1, E2,-E3, etc., one of the primary colors', as red, predominates, While inthe innermost primary colorv row," as C1, C2, C3, etc., and innermost secondary color row F1, F2, F3, etc.,

the other primary color, or yellow, predominates.

all of the secondary or oran e shades onthe outermost secondary row wi l have the com.

From the above will be understood that ponent primary colors, red .and yello.w,-..in l ..color shadescorrespondingwrith those of the equal intensity, ,while iin.theaintrmediate' secondary i color row, Ired predominate in the v.several shadesfof orange, :and `in tirer-in'- -nermost secondary :color-row, yellow :will predominate in the several shades of orange. Moreover, ithethree corres ondingrows of theithi'rd-primarygcolor;or'bl)ue,ron'thetrans parent disk .7 will, when said -disk y.is iturncd or rotated on the base, afford,in -theicaseot the outermost row. ofshades'thereon, a series of tertiary color shades in which neitherfr'ed I nor yellow predominates, .but vl.which either blue or orange `may.predominate;.while inthe case of the intermediate row Qf'shades a series of tertiary colons'hades in whicheither red or blue will predominate, together with secondary color or purple shadeswhere the blue shades are .superposed over the red ones,

. and, in the case of the innermost row, a series of tertiary shades in whicheither blue or 'yellow will predominate,V together with secondary color or green'shades where the shades of blue are superposed over -th'e several shades of yellow. The device illustrated is adapted for indicating the primary 'colorcomponentpf the secondary as well as ltertiary and other color. admixtures, it being obvious that the pri- 3'0 .mary color.4 components of the secondary colors 'on' the base, may be determined by reference to the primary shades of red and yellow associated with and located radially outside of vthe several shades of orange contained inthe secondary color rows on`the base, this being done without the use of the transparent disk.

In making a color component indicating device of the character described for use in half-tone `color printing, we prefer to apply. the Various shades of the primary colors to the several color segments by the useof halftoneplates ,fin the samemanner that said plates are 'used in doing color printing. It will `be understood that in Isuch color printing, the various shades bf each primary color result from variations in the sizes of the dots.

' inthe impressions from said half-tone plates,

.eoand by turning the; disk 71 will iind ay color which will match that of the s aid part or area of A'thel painting. The com onent primary 4colorsriand shades thereofw' l then be ascertained by noting on the disk andin the prilmary color rows ofthe base the three primary color area of the :of two primary colors, arr

' which, in the .parts or areas to' appear in a light. shade of the color, the dots are smaller4 segments ofthe base and .disk Iwhich have beenfsup'erposed tozgive tlierequired matching .'color. The corresponding ,areas of -the Vt'hreeg plates will .then be treated yby an etch -ing processfto. correspond with respect to the size. ofthe .dots .printed therefrom, with `the dots'onthethreesegments as not-ed. When su exposed rintsare madeby the use of red, -iye lowfa-ndlue inks, fromthe corresponding areas oflthe three plates so prepared, -each im ression will`v correspond in shade with that indicated` byl the said primary color segments' ontheibase and disk, and theco'lor resulting from thecombination of the shades so printed will be thesame as that ofthe correspondn ainting. i

t will be understood that the device will be used -in the manner describedlwhetlfier emlo ed -in re rin rintin p ates or use ih hatispcalljld tghd) half-tgone., sti ple, orv graining process of -preparing s uchp ates.

I claim as lmy invent1on:'- y

1. A color `component indicating device com 'rising a" base bearing a plurality of `sha es of two primarycolors, arranged' in pairs, and also a plurality of shades of the .secondary color which results from the combinationof said, two primary colors, said secf ondary color shades being arranged in association with the pairs of .primar color shades, from which they are derive and a. transparent member .superposedl upon the secondary color shades, said member bearing 1 alplurality of shades of the thirdprimary coor.

"2. A c olor component indicating device comprising abase having agirality of shades f ged in pairs, and also a lurality of shades/of. the secondary color w ich results from the combination of the said'two primary colors, said secondaryl color shades'being arranged lin radial relation tothe. airs of primary color shades from which t ey are severally derived, anda rotativetransparent disk, super osed upon said secondary colorshades, 'sai disk bearing a .plurality of shades of the third primary color.

3. A color component4 indicating 'device comprising' a base bearing a plurality` of 115 shades of twov primary' colors arranged in pairs, andtin circular order, and a plurality of shades of. the secondary color which results from the combination of said two *pri/ mary. colors, said secondary color shades be-` 120 ing arranged in circular order in radial ahne- 'ment with the pairs of primary color shades from which they are severally derived, anda rotative, trans arent disk superposed upon v the part of the b) secondary color, said disk bearing a plurality of shades of the` third primaryl color arranged in circular order thereon.

4, A color component indicating device '-j-' comprising a base bearing provided with a. 130

ase bearing sald shades of the plurality of radial andl circumferential lines,

` dividing the same into radially and circumferentially arranged color segments, and a 'transparent disk provided With a plurality of and circumferential lines dividing the l same into radially and cireumferentially ar- I ranged color segments, Said color segments radia on the base being arranged in two groups or sets, one 'of which contains a plurality of shades of' two primary colors arranged in pairsand the other of which contains a plurality of shades ofthe secondary color resulting from the combination of the said pairs of primary colors, together With a plurality of shadesv of hpth of said `primar colors, lthe transparent disk having a 'plura ity of shades ofthe third primary color and being superposed upon the set .of segments bearing the shades of both the secondary and primary colors.

In testimony, that I claim the `fore oing as my invention IA affix my signature in t e presence of twov Witnesses, this 2nd-day of May A. 1908.

Witnesses: i.

W. L. HALL, THEO. T. SCHARKoPF.

RICHARD A. SIMPKIN.- 

